Elsevier

Ecosystem Services

Volume 16, December 2015, Pages 158-166
Ecosystem Services

Governance of Ecosystem Services: A framework for empirical analysis

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoser.2015.05.002Get rights and content
Under a Creative Commons license
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Highlights

  • The ecosystem services concept is a response to biodiversity conservation failure.

  • Little, if any, empirical attention is paid to how ecosystem services are governed.

  • We identify modes of governance from biodiversity and environmental conservation literature.

  • The modes include hierarchical, scientific-technical, adaptive–collaborative and strategic.

  • The framework provides a structure for empirical analysis of ecosystem services governance.

Abstract

Biodiversity conservation policies justified with science and intrinsic value arguments have produced disappointing outcomes, and the need for conservation is now being additionally justified with the concept of ecosystem services. However, little, if any empirical attention is paid to ways in which different types of ecosystem service decisions are made, to what arguments are effective in turning policy into practice and further into conservation outcomes and, in general, to how ecosystem services are governed. To close this gap, this paper identifies the different modes of governance in policy implementation from biodiversity and environmental conservation literature and incorporates them in a conceptual model of ecosystem services commonly utilised at present, the cascade model. The resulting conceptual framework encompasses: (1) hierarchical governance; (2) scientific-technical governance; (3) adaptive collaborative governance; and; (4) governing strategic behaviour. This comprehensive framework provides a structure for empirical analysis of ecosystem services governance, which takes into account the people and organisations making decisions, and, in particular, the different arguments that are used when implementing policies. The framework will facilitate holistic ecosystem service analyses and support policies in generating conservation and sustainability impact.

Keywords

Ecosystem services
Biodiversity conservation
Governance
Policy implementation
Arguments

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