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We assess the effect of forest loss on bird diversity in the whole landscape mosaic.

Forest loss decreased forest-specialist and habitat-generalist bird diversity.

Forest loss restricted forest birds to a few sites in the landscape.

Preserving forest cover is paramount for bird diversity in anthropogenic landscapes.

Conservation biology literature is dominated by problem-based research.

Solution-based papers are becoming more common along the last four decades.

Solution-to-problem word ratio suggests greater concern with conservation action.

Higher emphasis on solution-based research can advance biodiversity conservation.

The lowland tapir was the most recorded species using the underpasses.

Tapir underpass use summed more than 180 tons of biomass that crossed safely under the highway.

Mammal species assemblages differed among use in cattle boxes and drainage culverts.

Traffic activity on the highway peaked opposite to the activity peak of the mammals in the crossings.

Countries with limited financial resources should consider retrofitting of existing highway underpasses.

Review of peer-reviewed literature on biodiversity conservation in insular Caribbean between 2000 and 2015.

On a per year base, Caribbean-based authors found in 32% of papers, accounted for 22% of lead paper authorships, represented 17% of authors per paper.

No evidence of improvement in the above metrics over time.

Marked differences in paper contributions among Caribbean locations, with evidence of low intra-regional collaboration.

Fire has a strong impact in structuring the community of non-volant small mammals.

Fire may restrict and promote the occurrence of different mammal species.

Vegetation attributes have a fundamental role in the occupancy by small mammals.

Fire might disrupt gallery forests’ functioning affecting keystone interactions.

Two geographically partitioned haplotypes reported.

No recent gene flow between islands.

Results indicate good chances of Rata Island remaining rat-free after eradication.

Brazil is among the three countries with the highest diversity of bird species in the Americas, but it is the first in number of threatened birds with 166 species.

Greatest number of endangered species are recorded in the Atlantic Forest.

79,500 ha of new areas officially protect the most endangered bird species in Brazil.

30-40,000 Brazilian birdwatchers generating information for bird conservation.

Global climate and land-use changes will have a serious impact on individual species and communities of hummingbirds.

Existing protected areas showed an important reduction of surface across the species distribution and hotspot areas for future.

A large proportion of “safe places” does not match the areas targeted for agriculture expansion in future scenarios.

It is imperative that policy-makers promote policies that are resilient to both threats as soon as possible.

Small forest-steppe parches are embedded in pine plantation matrix in Central-Europe.

Species turnover was higher for steppes than for forests, steppes are more isolated.

Habitat type, fragments size and matrix quality affects plants spiders and ants.

The habitat-specific matrix quality effects call for a situation-specific management.

Establishing native tree plantation and extensive grasslands conserve the biota.

The expansion of bat habitat generalists coupled with range contraction of bat habitat specialist will homogenize the Neotropical bat communities.

Warm-adapted bat species might expand their ranges towards higher altitudes, while mountain-top specialists will run out of suitable climate.

Monitoring programs will be important to track species that are predicted to become extinct and also the projected range expansion of sanguivorous bats.

The most effective way to protect Neotropical bat species will be increasing landscape connectivity and safeguarding the refugia highlighted here.