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array:24 [ "pii" => "S2530064417301694" "issn" => "25300644" "doi" => "10.1016/j.pecon.2018.02.001" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2018-04-01" "aid" => "61" "copyright" => "Associação Brasileira de Ciência Ecológica e Conservação" "copyrightAnyo" => "2018" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation. 2018;16:105-12" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1276 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 164 "HTML" => 623 "PDF" => 489 ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2530064417301657" "issn" => "25300644" "doi" => "10.1016/j.pecon.2018.02.002" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2018-04-01" "aid" => "62" "copyright" => "Associação Brasileira de Ciência Ecológica e Conservação" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation. 2018;16:113-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 871 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 142 "HTML" => 332 "PDF" => 397 ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Research Letters</span>" "titulo" => "The crab harvest in a mangrove forest in south-eastern Brazil: Insights about its maintenance in the long-term" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:3 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "en" 2 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "113" "paginaFinal" => "118" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 1 "multimedia" => array:5 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => false "mostrarDisplay" => true "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "fx1.jpeg" "Alto" => 627 "Ancho" => 1333 "Tamanyo" => 75919 ] ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Laura Helena de Oliveira Côrtes, Camilah Antunes Zappes, Ana Paula Madeira Di Beneditto" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Laura Helena de Oliveira" "apellidos" => "Côrtes" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Camilah Antunes" "apellidos" => "Zappes" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ana Paula Madeira" "apellidos" => "Di Beneditto" ] ] ] ] "resumen" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Graphical abstract" "clase" => "graphical" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0015"></elsevierMultimedia></p></span>" ] 1 => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Highlights" "clase" => "author-highlights" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Crab harvest system in the mangrove of Paraíba do Sul River estuary is fragile.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Continuity of harvest in last 14 years does not represent management efficiency.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Integrative local-based proposals are necessary to crab harvest maintenance.</p></li></ul></p></span>" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2530064417301657?idApp=UINPBA00006K" "url" => "/25300644/0000001600000002/v5_201902140636/S2530064417301657/v5_201902140636/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S2530064417301347" "issn" => "25300644" "doi" => "10.1016/j.pecon.2018.01.001" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2018-04-01" "aid" => "60" "copyright" => "Associação Brasileira de Ciência Ecológica e Conservação" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 1 "licencia" => "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/" "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Perspectives in Ecology and Conservation. 2018;16:97-104" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 989 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 160 "HTML" => 444 "PDF" => 385 ] ] "en" => array:13 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Research Letters</span>" "titulo" => "Geographic range-scale assessment of species conservation status: A framework linking species and landscape features" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "97" "paginaFinal" => "104" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0020" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 4" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr4.jpeg" "Alto" => 1245 "Ancho" => 3175 "Tamanyo" => 312118 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The scale sensitivity analysis for five species of different ecological profiles. A: <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">A. adalberti</span>, B: <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">B. arachnoides</span>; C: <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">E. flavifrons</span>; D: <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">H. suspectum</span> and E: <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S. harrisii</span>. For all species, the habitat amount and the edge density did not change across scales. Only species with high sensitivity to habitat loss had different responses across all the scales (species A and E). All the species had different responses in functional connectivity across scales except <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">S. harrisii</span> which has a high movement ability. The lines indicate the comparison between the local scale and the range scale. No dot means <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p-value</span> above 0.10; NS means <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p-value</span> between 0.05 and 0.10; one dot means <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p-value</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">=</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.05; two dots mean <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p-value</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">=</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.01–0.05; three means <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p-value</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic">=</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001–0.01 and four dots mean <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">p-value</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0.001.</p>" ] ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Ludmila Rattis, Ricardo Dobrovolski, Maurício Talebi, Rafael Loyola" "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ludmila" "apellidos" => "Rattis" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ricardo" "apellidos" => "Dobrovolski" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Maurício" "apellidos" => "Talebi" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Rafael" "apellidos" => "Loyola" ] ] ] ] "resumen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Highlights" "clase" => "author-highlights" "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall"><ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We integrate biogeography and landscape ecology to understand the scale dependence of habitat predictors.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In straightforward approach, we modeled how the habitat is distributed across the species range.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Metrics accounting only for landscape structure presented the same pattern across all scales.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0020"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">When accounting for biological features, local scale analyses do not capture habitat patterns important for species conservation.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0025"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The landscape carrying capacity is lower for all the species at the range scale.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0030"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0026" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The effect of habitat loss could be even worse when we consider the total area where the species inhabit.</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0035"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">•</span><p id="par0027" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Movement ability could mitigate the fragmentation effect at range scale, since connectivity is higher at the range scale.</p></li></ul></p></span>" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S2530064417301347?idApp=UINPBA00006K" "url" => "/25300644/0000001600000002/v5_201902140636/S2530064417301347/v5_201902140636/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:20 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Research Letters</span>" "titulo" => "Restoring Brazil's road margins could help the country offset its CO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> emissions and comply with the Bonn and Paris Agreements" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "105" "paginaFinal" => "112" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "G.W. Fernandes, A. Banhos, N.P.U. Barbosa, M. Barbosa, H.G. Bergallo, C.G. Loureiro, G.E. Overbeck, R. Solar, B.B.N. Strassburg, M.M. Vale" "autores" => array:10 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "G.W." "apellidos" => "Fernandes" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "gw.fernandes@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Banhos" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "N.P.U." "apellidos" => "Barbosa" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Barbosa" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "H.G." "apellidos" => "Bergallo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C.G." "apellidos" => "Loureiro" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "G.E." "apellidos" => "Overbeck" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Solar" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "B.B.N." "apellidos" => "Strassburg" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M.M." "apellidos" => "Vale" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span>" "identificador" => "aff0030" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:6 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Biologia Geral, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, Alegre, ES, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "c" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Botânica, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "d" "identificador" => "aff0020" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Geografia e Meio Ambiente, Pontifícia Universidade Católica, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "e" "identificador" => "aff0025" ] 5 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Ecologia, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil" "etiqueta" => "f" "identificador" => "aff0030" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 1 "multimedia" => array:5 [ "identificador" => "fig0015" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => false "mostrarDisplay" => true "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "fx1.jpeg" "Alto" => 533 "Ancho" => 1333 "Tamanyo" => 119788 ] ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Introduction</span><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Facing dire perspectives of biodiversity collapse, loss of ecosystem services, and the threat of climate change, society is urging for sound strategies aiming at the long-term maintenance of the world's ecosystems. Lack of governance on environmental issues, increasing population consumerism, and unfolding impacts on the natural resources are leading to unpredictable volatile effects on food production, water resources, and population health throughout the world (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0330">Watson et al., 2000; Stocker et al., 2013; Novais et al., 2016; Ceballos et al., 2017</a>). Led by international agencies (e.g., UN), many countries are now working on global agreements and strategies to mitigate and adapt to the challenges imposed by global change as a response to the aggravation of the environmental crisis (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0180">Mace, 2014; Nimmo et al., 2015; Szinwelski et al., 2015</a>).</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Commitments within such strategies are the Bonn Challenge (<a id="intr0005" class="elsevierStyleInterRef" href="http://www.bonnchallenge.org/">http://www.bonnchallenge.org</a>), whose aims include the restoration of 150 million hectares of the world's deforested and degraded land by 2020, and the New York Declaration on Forests, endorsed at the 2014 Climate Summit, that aims to restore 350 million hectares by 2030. While these initiatives are welcome and very relevant, there has been a hot debate about where and how to run restoration initiatives (see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0310">Veldman et al., 2015a,b; Fernandes et al., 2016a</a>). For instance, the recently proposed afforestation of grasslands and savannas can bring more problems than solutions in terms of carbon sequestration (e.g. <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">Berthrong et al., 2012</a>; see also <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0080">Deng et al., 2017</a>). The introduction of trees where they have not been present historically can have disastrous impacts on local biodiversity and associated ecosystem services (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090">Fernandes, 2016</a>). Thus, these effects must be considered as restoration involves much more than simply planting trees. Ultimately, we must define the identity of the ecosystem in question in order to restore it with native species and bring back its biodiversity and ecosystem services (e.g., <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0235">Overbeck et al., 2015; Kollmann et al., 2016</a>).</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In this paper, we advocate for a well conducted and scientifically oriented restoration of roadsides. We define roadsides as the environment alongside paved roads, which in Brazil generally comprises 15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>m on each side. These areas have been completely neglected as a target for restoration, despite their high potential. Roadsides occupy a considerable area but are often degraded, suffering from erosion, covered by invasive species, or even left in bare soil. In some cases, roadsides are illegally used for parking, house construction, and increasingly for food production. The latter can have different forms, depending on the socio-economic context of the region: they may be used for small-scale farming, often using slash and burn as the management strategy, or simply be incorporated into adjacent agricultural areas. The construction of paved roads and their management has many impacts on biodiversity and ecosystem services around the world, including wildlife kills, the spread of wildfires and invasive species, chemical and noise pollution, erosion, and watercourses siltation (see <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0140">Ibisch et al., 2016</a> for a recent review). Even more importantly, roads are a major facilitator of (often uncontrolled) deforestation, especially in tropical countries (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0160">Laurance et al., 2009</a>). In the Brazilian Amazon, for example, 94% of deforestation has occurred within 5.5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>km of a road (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">Berber et al., 2014</a>) and represents a great threat to biodiversity (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0305">Vale et al., 2008</a>).</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In many countries, road construction and maintenance lack the most basic concerns with conservation and impact mitigation. In Brazil, for instance, although there are many state and federal regulations to reduce the environmental impact of roads, there is practically no law enforcement by governmental agencies (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090">Fernandes, 2016</a>). This has led to an unsurprisingly high number of these same agencies allowing the use of noxious invasive species in the revegetation of disturbed roadsides (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0130">Hilário et al., 2011</a>) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">If scientifically guided and properly restored, these areas could dramatically increase carbon sequestration as well as provide other ecosystem services. These include control and prevention of erosion and landslides, reduction of noise and chemical pollution, containment of invasive species, and conservation and enhancement of native biodiversity – for instance, by providing habitat and by connecting natural ecosystems. To illustrate and provide empirical support to our proposal, we take a hypothetical scenario where all state and federal paved roads in Brazil would have their roadsides properly restored, i.e. according to the native vegetation the roads cross through. The Brazilian case is particularly interesting because the country has set a national commitment to restore 12 million hectares of land by 2030, as part of the Bonn Challenge and the Paris Agreement of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050">Brazil iNDC, 2015</a>). We argue that if roadsides were properly restored instead of being left degraded and unprotected, they could help Brazil meet its carbon sequestration commitment and restoration goals, while additionally contributing to the provisioning of ecosystem services and to the mitigation of a number of negative effects of roads on the environment.</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Material and methods</span><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierVi