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Human carnivory threatens one-quarter of all vertebrates.

This is a higher impact than that of other major aspects of human ecology.

Human carnivory impacts wild vertebrates through multiple and ubiquitous mechanisms.

Terrestrial and freshwater species are mainly affected by livestock production and predation.

Aquatic species are mostly affected by predation and bycatch.

Campo Rupestre (CR) occurs in the ecotone Cerrado-Atlantic Forest biodiversity hotspots.

CR epitomizes the conflicts between exploitative and sustainable socioeconomic models.

We propose and describe the Action Plan for the Campo Rupestre (APCR).

The APCR aims to reconcile the socio-economic and environmental values in the CR.

Fire induces the establishment of a savanna-like state in abandoned pastures impairing the recovery of the Atlantic Forest.

Vegetation structure and plant functional traits in abandoned pastures were more similar to savannas than to the Atlantic Forest.

The establishment of a savanna-like state reveal a worrying future for the Atlantic Forest because the ongoing climate change.

Two geographically partitioned haplotypes reported.

No recent gene flow between islands.

Results indicate good chances of Rata Island remaining rat-free after eradication.

Protected areas do not reduce the fragmentation rate.

Protected areas do not promote forest regrowth.

High concentration of rural settlements promote forest loss.

Reserves in contexts with greater non-farm occupation endure lower forest loss.

Local non-farm economic activities may help to conserve forest cover in protected areas.

For the first time, we used the tick species Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato (distributed in different areas around the world) to characterize its global geographic distribution using ecological niche modeling, and explore the uncertainty involved in transferring models in space and time.

The global model (the one calibrated in all calibration areas together) predicted broad suitable areas for the species around the world.

Models based on each calibration area separately showed the potential geographic distribution of R. sanguineus sensu lato under current-day conditions with high agreement across the eastern United States, southern Mexico, northern South America, Brazil, Europe, North Africa, sub-Saharan countries, Asia, and Australia.

The global potential distributions of R. sanguineus sensu lato under future conditions were very similar between the two RCPs, but GCMs, model replicates, and model parametrizations contributed importantly to the overall variation detected.

Indigenous lands can play a role in safeguarding bat diversity across the Amazon.

Indigenous Territories harbour high numbers of threatened and data deficient species.

Partnerships with Indigenous communities can improve bat knowledge and conservation.

As far as it is known Mexico is the most Scorpions diverse country in the world.

Scorpion hotspots and species are not being protected currently and in the future.

Species of medical importance will increase their distribution in the future.

Grassy ecosystems in South America have developed under grazing by large herbivores until the Early Holocene.

The grassy biomes need grazing animals and/or fire to maintain their biodiversity and ecological characteristics.

Grazing in the Legal Reserve can represent a social process with benefits for land users and biodiversity conservation.

Knowledge on grazing in Brazil’s grassy ecosystems should be developed by researchers and stakeholders.

We projected future deforestation in Borneo and quantified the impact on orangutans.

The habitat of 26,200 Bornean orangutans could be lost by 2030s.

Worst orangutan losses in forests in industrial plantations and unprotected forests.

Orangutans in protected areas and logging concessions are less threatened.

Land-use planning for biodiversity and development should consider future dynamics.