Non-floodplain wetlands form where groundwater emerges to the surface, forming seeps.

Cerrado’s non-floodplain wetlands are key for regional and continental water security.

Brazil faces challenges to identify and protect diffuse seeps in wetlands.

Despite existing legal protection, Cerrado diffuse seep wetlands face severe threats.

Science-policy alignment is key to protecting non-floodplain wetlands effectively.

Ecosystem function depends on species diversity; effects of species loss on functionality remain unclear.

Over 65% of functional diversity in Asia, Europe, and America comes from threatened species.

Ecosystems with species at high risk are highly vulnerable to ecological meltdown.

Ecological meltdown collapse could drastically affect human lifestyles and global environmental systems.

Natural fires shape local environment and its biota.

Small-bodied mammal assemblages tend to homogenization in response to prolonged natural fire absence.

Big-fires are arguably disastrous, but the absence of natural fires reassembles the biotas.

Further technical discussions about fire management in Cerrado are needed.

Increments in açaí palm density through management reduce the taxonomic, phylogenetic and functional beta diversity of the assemblages.

Increments support no winner tree species.

The Amazon estuarine forest is highly sensitive to increments on açaí palm density.

The promises by non-timber forest products can be fragilized by commercial demands.

Major flooding in Southern Brazil affected 4,300 km² of native ecosystems.

PAs were heavily impacted, with 825 km² affected by the flooding (∼21% of total PAs).

Over 1,440 km² of Permanent Preservation Areas were flooded, 67% lacked native cover.

747 tetrapod species were potentially affected, including 84 threatened species.

Threatened species were greatly impacted, requiring urgent conservation actions.

PES has potential to improve environmental quality and farm management.

Propensity score matching is a suitable tool to infer causality of policy interventions.

Natural vegetation recovery is significantly higher in participants of PES.

Pasture quality can be improved through management conservation techniques.

Mesocarnivores are a heterogeneous group with distinct responses to environmental and anthropogenic factors.

Species’ occupancy exhibited strong interspecific and temporal variation in two protected areas.

Anthropogenic disturbances can benefit some mesocarnivores, but is disruptive for the overall mammal assemblage.

Forest structure on sampling sites is a key driver of mesocarnivore occupancy.

First record of chytrid in the microendemic Melanophryniscus admirabilis;

Chytrid was consistently infecting the only known M. admirabilis population;

Temperature influences chytrid dynamics in a threatened toad population;

Chytrid had no effect on the body condition of M. admirabilis.

Wildfires in Brazil cause billion-dollar losses, harming biodiversity, health, and the economy.

Wildfire spreads toxic smoke across South America, straining the healthcare system.

Wildfires cause massive biodiversity loss, and we barely know how to measure it.

Despite substantial economic losses in tropical habitats, the Global South remains a low priority.