Most cited

Damage costs from biological invasions and natural hazards are of similar magnitude.

Global biological invasion costs increased by 702% from 1980–1999 to 2000–2019.

Invasion costs increased faster than natural hazard damages over time (1980–2019).

We evaluated 7 water-related ES in landscapes with different proportions between eucalyptus and natural forests.

There is a threshold close to 20% of forest coverage below which ES supply tends to become unsustainable.

The highest gain to the seven ES occurs in catchments with natural forest cover over 45%.

Erosion control was the service most linked to natural forest decrease.

Not all invasive grasses would be equally affected by climate change.

Range retractions are projected for some species regardless of the scenario.

We expect species niches to shift to areas not yet occupied.

Arundo donax had the greatest range expansion in the SSP3 and SSP5 scenarios.

References are key to restoration, especially in highly threatened ecosystems.

Optimal references connect conservation and restoration.

Small remnants that serve as references can lead to landscape-scale benefits.

A detailed habitat classification is needed for adequate protection and restoration.

Ensuring optimal references protection will benefit future restoration initiatives.

Limited Global South participation and parachute science hampers tropical ecology.

Upgrades in equity, diversity and inclusion rooted in the Global South are essential.

Tropical conservation practices must be led by local researchers and stakeholders.

Recognition of science in the Global South may improve through outreach.

International research must provide equitable workloads and recognition to Global South researchers.

Secondary and old-growth subtropical Brazilian Atlantic Forests are acting as carbon sink.

Biodiversity is not related to net carbon change in this region.

Subtropical Brazilian Atlantic Forests should be conserved irrespective to their ages to maintain carbon sink.

Biodiversity and carbon-related processes should be taken as conservation targets.

Colombia covers over half of key wintering areas for migratory birds in South America.

Most of the migrants’ overwinter range overlaps with working landscapes.

Priority national restoration/rehabilitation areas are ineffective to benefit migrants.

Forest conservation needs actions involving vulnerable and minority groups.

Estimated ant species richness is higher in the tropical region.

Estimated ant species richness was best explained by annual rainfall and mean temperature.

The direction and effect of abiotic determinants are relative to the zoogeographic realm analyzed, highlighting regional effects.

The KBA Standards may not be scalable to all biodiversity.

If everywhere can be a Key Biodiversity Area, nowhere is “Key”.

If any area is “Key” the assessment process is solely based on manageability.

We extracted hummingbird-plant data from an online photograph platform.

Data were compared with expert collected data, available in the literature.

There were some similarities between citizen and expert data.

For the hummingbirds, overlap in plant species interacting was generally low.

Unstructured citizen science data can be a rich source of interaction information.