Most Often Read
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Conserving ∼80% of the Brazilian Amazon is still feasible
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Conservation areas are essential for a new regional development model
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The cost of establishing.1.3 million km2 of new conservation areas is USD 1.0–1.6 billion
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The annual cost of 3.5 million km2 of conservation areas is USD 1.7–2.8 billion
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A new ambitious, decentralized, and agile fund mechanism is required

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Climate change is unlikely to modify relative habitat suitability for birds at a landscape scale in the Atlantic Forest (AF).
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AF landscapes with higher forest cover will remain more suitable regardless of climate change.
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Predicted impacts of climate change are minor regardless the spatial scale at which climatic suitability is quantified.
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Most AF landscapes have low habitat suitability for birds due to extensive deforestation.

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Non-climatic variables improve ecological niche models (ENMs).
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Addition of vegetation cover constrains predicted suitable areas.
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Estimated areas differ most for birds with high and medium forest dependency.
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ENM provides useful information to support quick decisions at broad scale.

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Functional and taxonomic composition of bird assemblages inside cities vary with the surrounding habitat.
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A landscape matrix mainly composed of native habitat may mitigate the urban impact on native communities.
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Species and traits turnover was more evident in the agricultural than in the forest landscape matrix.
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Urban areas should be managed to maintain a forest component and sure successful bird breed.

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Neotropical governments and their environmental agencies have generally poor governance.
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Poor governance can be influencing human-top predator conflicts in the Neotropics.
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Forty percent of interviewees disapproved the current top-down local management.
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Disapproval of top-down local management influenced human tolerance independently.
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Neotropics need a better balance between bottom-up and top-down governance.

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The impact of future climate change on narrow-ranging species is poorly documented.
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We used a combination of techniques and high-resolution predictors to fill this gap.
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We predict a complete extirpation of suitable conditions across their range by 2070.
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Climate risk may be higher than expected in tropical narrow-ranging species.
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Proactive conservation actions are needed in tropical heterogeneous environments.

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Here we demonstrated that large mammalian herbivores play a fundamental role in plant consumption and trampling.
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Because large herbivore activities are associated to palm fruit patches, we found that palm-herbivore association is an important component to understand forest productivity.
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Defaunation and palm harvesting can lead to important changes in forest structure, biomass and diversity in tropical forests.

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Anthropization drives directional changes on functional traits of bird communities of Neotropical seasonal forests.
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Birds within anthropized habitat have short life cycles, rapid development, high fecundity, and broad ecological niches.
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According to the Ecological Strategies Theory, birds could show the ruderal strategy within the perturbed anthropic habitat.

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9847 wasps classified into 75 species and 23 genera were recorded.
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Inter-habitat dissimilarity decreased with increasing forest cover in the landscape.
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Landscape diversity, edge density, and pesticide usage did not affect spillover.
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Forested landscapes provide more spillover opportunities than do crop landscapes.

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Agriculture-frontier classification allows organizing social-ecological processes.
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Forest exploitation and real-estate transactions are daily drivers in the early stages.
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Global agribusiness and livestock are drivers dominating the advanced stages.
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Only crop replacement takes place during mature frontier stages.
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Extra-regional people and governments are mentioned as the responsible social actors.
